Nursing care plan for otitis media.

 Nursing care plan for otitis media:


Nursing Management

Most infants and children with otitis media are cared for at home; therefore, a primary responsibility of the nurse is to teach the family caregivers about prevention and the care of the child.

Nursing Assessment

Assessment of a child with otitis media include the following:

  • Physical examination. The infant’s ear is examined with an otoscope by pulling he ear down and back to straighten the ear canal.
  • History. Assess if there is a history of trauma to the ears, affected siblings, a history of cranial/facial defects or any familial history of otitis media.

Nursing Diagnoses

Based on the assessment data, the major nursing diagnoses are:

  • Acute pain related to the inflammation of the middle ear.
  • Anxiety related to health status.
  • Impaired verbal communication related to effects of hearing loss.
  • Disturbed sensory perception related to obstruction, infection of the middle ear, or auditory nerve damage.
  • Risk for injury related to hearing loss, decreased visual acuity.
  • Infection related to presence of pathogens.

Nursing Care Planning and Goals:

The major goals for the child with otitis media are:

  • The child or parent will indicate absence of pain.
  • The child will be free of infection.
  • The parents will state understanding of preventive measures.
  • The child will have normal hearing.

Nursing Interventions

Nursing care for the child with otitis media include:

  • Positioning. Have the child sit up, raise head on pillows, or lie on unaffected ear.
  • Heat application. Apply heating pad or a  warm hot water bottle.
  • Diet. Encourage breastfeeding of infants as breastfeeding affords natural immunity to infectious agents; position bole-fed infants upright when feeding.
  • Hygiene. Teach family members to cover mouths and noses when sneezing or coughing and to wash hands frequently.
  • Monitoring hearing loss. Assess hearing ability frequently.

Evaluation

Goals are met as evidenced by:

  • The child or parent indicated absence of pain.
  • The child is free of infection.
  • The parents stated understanding of preventive measures.
  • The child has normal hearing.

Documentation Guidelines

Documentation in a child with otitis media include the following:

  • Individual findings, including factors affecting, interactions, nature of social exchanges, specifics of individual behavior.
  • Cultural and religious beliefs, and expectations.
  • Plan of care.
  • Teaching plan.
  • Responses to interventions, teaching, and actions performed.
  • Attainment or progress toward desired outcome.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

What is epilepsy?

Image
What is epilepsy? Epilepsy is a tendency to have recurring seizures. There are many different types of seizures but they are always due to abnormal electrical activity somewhere in the brain. At least two unprovoked (or reflex) seizures occurring more than 24 hours apart. One unprovoked (or reflex) seizure and a probability of further seizures similar to the general recurrence risk (at least 60%) after two unprovoked seizures, occurring over the next 10  years. Diagnosis of an epilepsy syndrome. How is epilepsy diagnosed? Is it epilepsy or is it something else? If it is epilepsy, what sort of epilepsy is it? Where does it start in the brain? Is there any structural abnormality in the brain? What is needed for correct diagnosis? A full clinical history and a good description of the seizure/s; A physical and neurological examination; Investigations that may include an EEG recording and a CT scan or MRI brain scan Treatment Medication is usually the first-line treatment of epilepsy- 70% o
Read more

What is Bacterial Meningitis?|causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and nursing care plan.

Image
Bacterial Meningitis What is Bacterial Meningitis?  Meningitis  is one of the infectious disorders of the nervous system. Meningitis  is an inflammation of the lining around the brain and spinal cord caused by bacteria or viruses. Bacterial meningitis is caused by bacteria. Meningitis can be the primary reason a patient is hospitalized or can develop during hospitalization. Pathophysiology Meningeal infections generally originate in one of two ways: through the bloodstream or by direct spread. Brain surrounded by pus (the yellow-greyish coat around the brain, under the dura lifted by the forceps), the result of bacterial meningitis. A brain autopsy demonstrating signs of meningitis. The forceps (center) are retracting the dura mater (white). Underneath the dura mater are the leptomeninges, which appear to be edematous and have multiple small hemorrhagic foci(red). Transmission.   N. meningitidis  concentrates in the nasopharynx and is transmitted by secretion or aerosol contamination.
Read more

What is Acute otitis media? What are causes,risk Factors, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and prevention

Image
  Acute otitis media Acute otitis media is a bacterial or viral infection of the middle ear, usually accompanying an upper respiratory infection. Symptoms include otalgia (ear pain), often with systemic symptoms (eg, fever, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea), especially in the very young children. Diagnosis is based on otoscopy. Treatment is with analgesics and sometimes antibiotics. Although acute otitis media can occur at any age, it is most common between ages 3 months and 3 years. At this age, the eustachian tube is structurally and functionally immature—the angle of the eustachian tube is more horizontal, and the angle of the tensor veli palatini muscle and the cartilaginous eustachian tube renders the opening mechanism less efficient. Anything that causes the eustachian tubes to become swollen or blocked makes more fluid build up in the middle ear behind the eardrum. The cause of acute otitis media may be viral or bacterial. Viral infections are often complicated by secondary bacterial
Read more