Nursing care plan for otitis media.

 Nursing care plan for otitis media:


Nursing Management

Most infants and children with otitis media are cared for at home; therefore, a primary responsibility of the nurse is to teach the family caregivers about prevention and the care of the child.

Nursing Assessment

Assessment of a child with otitis media include the following:

  • Physical examination. The infant’s ear is examined with an otoscope by pulling he ear down and back to straighten the ear canal.
  • History. Assess if there is a history of trauma to the ears, affected siblings, a history of cranial/facial defects or any familial history of otitis media.

Nursing Diagnoses

Based on the assessment data, the major nursing diagnoses are:

  • Acute pain related to the inflammation of the middle ear.
  • Anxiety related to health status.
  • Impaired verbal communication related to effects of hearing loss.
  • Disturbed sensory perception related to obstruction, infection of the middle ear, or auditory nerve damage.
  • Risk for injury related to hearing loss, decreased visual acuity.
  • Infection related to presence of pathogens.

Nursing Care Planning and Goals:

The major goals for the child with otitis media are:

  • The child or parent will indicate absence of pain.
  • The child will be free of infection.
  • The parents will state understanding of preventive measures.
  • The child will have normal hearing.

Nursing Interventions

Nursing care for the child with otitis media include:

  • Positioning. Have the child sit up, raise head on pillows, or lie on unaffected ear.
  • Heat application. Apply heating pad or a  warm hot water bottle.
  • Diet. Encourage breastfeeding of infants as breastfeeding affords natural immunity to infectious agents; position bole-fed infants upright when feeding.
  • Hygiene. Teach family members to cover mouths and noses when sneezing or coughing and to wash hands frequently.
  • Monitoring hearing loss. Assess hearing ability frequently.

Evaluation

Goals are met as evidenced by:

  • The child or parent indicated absence of pain.
  • The child is free of infection.
  • The parents stated understanding of preventive measures.
  • The child has normal hearing.

Documentation Guidelines

Documentation in a child with otitis media include the following:

  • Individual findings, including factors affecting, interactions, nature of social exchanges, specifics of individual behavior.
  • Cultural and religious beliefs, and expectations.
  • Plan of care.
  • Teaching plan.
  • Responses to interventions, teaching, and actions performed.
  • Attainment or progress toward desired outcome.

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